[USA] - 9th President of the USA William Henry Harrison and 10th President of the USA John Tyler

[USA] - 9th President of the USA William Henry Harrison and 10th President of the USA John Tyler

 

William Henry Harrison	Birth: 9 February 1773
	Died: 4 April 1841
	Party: Whig
	Presidency: 1841
	Vice President: John Tyler
	Nickname: Old Tippecanoe

 

● Whig Party vs. Democrats

The Federalists party that opposed the Democratic-Republican Party during the early establishments of the United States. The federalists favored a strong government and members were affinitive to Great Britain. However, during the disputes with Great Britain, the federalist party lost favor from the public.

 

 

Around the mid 1820’s, the majority of the Federalist party join Henry Clay’s National Republican Party. The Federalist Party would completely disband in 1835.

The Democratic-Republican Party split into the Democrats that favored Andrew Jackson and the National Republican Party that supported John Quincy Adams.

 

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The National Republican Party would soon rally an alliance with anti-Andrew Jackson and form the Whig Party. The Whig Party addressed Andrew Jackson as 'King Andrew' mocking his presidency.

The Whig Party was a pro-federal party and inherited the ideas of Federalist and the National Republican party, however it also incorporated all anti-Andrew Jackson and anti-Democrat politics that would cause internal conflict.

 

 

The Whig Party’s president candidate William Henry Harrison was a war hero in various campaigns with the Native Americans during the time. (This is controversial these days) Due to the Economic Crisis of 1837, the public would vote for the Whig Party.

 

● First president who dies in office

William Henry Harrison caught a cold after returning from a speech. He met a rain storm on his path. His cold would later develop a pneumonia.

The staff of the White House attempted folk remedies, medical treatments and even attempted native American remedy with snakes.

 

 

However, all treatment failed to relief symptoms of William Henry Harrison’s pneumonia. William Harrison died in 4th of April 1841.

He led major campaigns such as the Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Battle of Tippecanoe Creek (against the Shawnee Chief Tecumseh) but couldn’t overcome pneumonia unfortunately.

 

John Tyler	Birth: 29 March 1790
	Died: 18 January 1862
	Party: Whig
	Presidency: 1841 ~ 1844
	Vice President: None
	Nickname: His Accidency

 

● President without a party: Dispute with the Whig Party  

William Henry Harrison’s sudden death shocked the public. John Tyler didn’t even know that William Harrison was in such critical conditions before he was noted of Harrison’s death. John Tyler served as vice president to balance the powers within the Whig party but Harrison’s death changed everything.

 

Henry Clay

 

John Tyler was a southerner that grew up from a plantation in Virginia. He joined the Whig party more as a part of the anti-Andrew Jackson alliance.

John Tyler’s political stance favored state rights, and he supported the Southern part of the United States that opposes the Whig Party’s main stream.

The Whig Party leader Henry Clay was uncomfortable with this situation. John Tyler would abide with most of the Whig Party’s policy with the senate.

 

 

However, when the Henry Clay and the Whig Party tried to charter a new Bank of the United States, John Tyler vetoed the party’s bill. The entire members of cabinet except for Daniel Webster resigned as a protest for his actions.

John Tyler would still insist on his thoughts and he vetoed both attempts to pass the bill for establishing another Bank of the United States and the Whig Party would relief John Tyler from the party with fury. John Tyler became a president without a party.

 

 

● Texas Annexation  

Texas has been waiting for a long time for admission to the United States. The officials of the Texas Republic even started to discuss terms with Great Britain for protection. John Tyler, unlike Martin Van Buren took proactive measures with the Texas Republic.

Tyler accepted the Texas’s pro-slavery policy and sealed the deal with Texas’s admission to the United States.

 

 

However, the senate disapproved Tyler’s treaty due to the slavery section.

Before 3 days John Tyler left office, the congress agreed to annex Texas to the United States as the next president James Knox Polk influenced the senate to admit Texas as to expand the United States while he did acknowledge the slavery dispute.

 

 

● Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Daniel Webster was the secretary of state and he was the only member of the cabinet not to resign after John Tyler vetoed the establishment of another Bank of the United States.

Daniel Webster was busy negotiating terms with Great Britain regarding the border of Canada.

Daniel Webster representing the United States and Lord Ashburton representing Great Britain agreed in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty that would set the borderline between the United States and Canada from the Atlantic Ocean all the way to the Rocky Mountains.

 

 

 

● Immigration of Europe to the United States

Between 1844 and 1854, approximately 3 million immigrants from Europe resettled in the United States. From Ireland and Germany, together almost 2.3 million immigrants crossed the Atlantic.

Around the 1840’s in Ireland potato harvest failed as potato blight mass infection by Phytophthora infestans which was a type of fungus that quickly spread and turn potatoes black and inedible.

 

The Great Famine

 

This potato mold/fungus crisis caused the Great Famine in Ireland. Many Irish would immigrate to the United States away from the great famine. In Germany there was a vortex in the social and economic structure.

People left Germany due to political disputes, religious freedom and rudiments of social revolution. Those from Irish would come to the United States unhanded while many middle-class men from Germany came to the United States with their assets.

 

 

● Edgar Allen Poe

One of the most noted authors of America was Edgar Allen Poe. However, He fails to receive much respect and recognition during his life. The Graham Magazine publishes ‘The Murders in the Rue Morgue’ in 1841 written by Edgar Allen Poe.

This was the first detective literature ever written that would inspire many other detective stories.

 

Edgar Allen Poe published many short stories and his ghoulish and gruesome literature style made him one of the most influential author in the United States. His delicate work is almost impossible to translate in other languages.

 

● Oregon Trail

Many pioneers started to head towards Oregon which was called the ‘Oregon Fever’ in 1843. The Oregon Trail was a 2,000 mile long (3,200 km) that passed through many harsh terrain and even native American territory that was a harsh route for those headed to Oregon.

The iconic wagons which were covered with a canvas would form long parades that were described as ‘prairie schooners'.